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2022

Development and key technology of ultra-high-speed grinding

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Ultra-high-speed grinding usually refers to grinding with a grinding wheel speed greater than 150m/s. Ultra-high-speed grinding has developed rapidly in developed countries such as Europe, Japan and the United States, and is known as "the peak of modern grinding technology". The International Society for Production Engineering (CIRP) has identified it as a central research direction for the 21st century and has conducted some notable collaborative research. Ultra-high-speed grinding can achieve ductile grinding for hard and brittle materials, and also has good grinding performance for hard-to-grind materials such as high plasticity. Compared with ordinary grinding, ultra-high-speed grinding shows great advantages:

Greatly improve the grinding efficiency and reduce the number of equipment used. For example, using electroplated CBN grinding wheel to grind the crankshaft of a lawn mower at a high speed of 123m/s, it used to require 6 turning and 3 grinding processes, but now only 3 grinding processes are required, the production time is reduced by 65%, and 180 can be processed per hour. pieces. Another example is that people use ordinary grinding wheels to efficiently grind hardened low carbon steel 42CrMo4 at a speed of 125m/s, and the removal rate is 167mm³/mms, which is 11 times larger than creep feed grinding.

The grinding force is small and the machining accuracy of the parts is high. Tests at speeds below 360 m/s show that in a narrow speed range (180-200 m/s), the friction state changes sharply from solid to liquid, and the grinding force decreases sharply. In the high-speed grinding test of 45 steel and 20Cr steel with single abrasive grains, the author found that the friction coefficient decreases greatly with the increase of the speed below the critical speed; after the critical speed is exceeded, the friction coefficient decreases slightly with the increase of the speed. There is an increase.